To what extent is Hardys poetry dominated by relationships Essay Example

How much is Hardys verse overwhelmed by connections? Paper When seeing this inquiry it is imperative to characterize what could be implied by the term connections. What the word quickly implies is an enthusiastic association between a couple. A ton of Hardys verse concerns this kind of relationship however he is by not all that tight this is his solitary topic. Anyway the more extensive meaning of simply any condition of connectedness may likewise be considered when reaching a resolution. Hardys best sonnet about connections is When I Set Out For Lyonesse. It was composed after an excursion to Cornwall in which he met Emma Gifford who later turned into his significant other. Toward the beginning of the sonnet the scene is cold and forlorn and love feels a hundred miles away. He doesn't portray what happened while he was there and he makes an atmosphere of secret around the Arthurian Lyonesse. The significance of Lyonesse is underlined by its reiteration inside the sonnet. The secret is improved when he announces that no prophet or most astute wizard could think about what might bechance at Lyonesse. He himself appears to be doubtful that he could discover love in light of the fact that the standpoint in the primary refrain is so quite hopeless. At the point when he returns he is changed by what has occurred and enchantment is in his eyes. He has a brilliance which, not at all like the macrocosmical starlight, originates from inside. Love is depicted as something remot e, uncommon and equipped for achieving an otherworldly change. His relationship with Emma Gifford changes him and this sonnet mirrors that change. We will compose a custom paper test on To what degree is Hardys verse overwhelmed by connections? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on To what degree is Hardys verse overwhelmed by connections? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on To what degree is Hardys verse overwhelmed by connections? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer At the point when I Set Out For Lyonesse shows only one of the manners in which a relationship is introduced. Hardys experience of connections is a changed one. Impartial Tones and We Sat At The Window present connections soured by lack of care. In Neutral Tones the relationship has deteriorated; he has become a dull enigma to her and when they do talk it just serves to reduce their adoration further. The air made is somber and stripped uncovered of all richness. Indeed, even the sun is without all shading and grayish leaves lie on the ground. In We Sat At The Window two quiet considers gaze outside along with the downpour. The constantly falling precipitation is incoherent with the season yet its dynamism likewise denotes the progression of time. As the time extends on they stay quiet and Hardy comments, squandered were two spirits in their prime In any case, here Hardy depicts a squandered potential since they dont handle the amount they presently can't seem to find in one another. The relationship in Neutral Tones is haggard; it has run its course and the main quality it has left is the solidarity to kick the bucket. The two sonnets are commanded by a relationship however not similarly that Lyonesse is. Solid is captivated in Lyonesse however how was he to realize that, allowed a couple of years, this relationship could blur into Neutral Tones? Reflectively we realize that the condition of satisfaction depicted in Lyonesse didn't last. Solid mourned his treatment of Emma Gifford after her passing in 1912. The sonnets composed somewhere in the range of 1912 and 1913 are devoured by Veteris Vestigia Flammae. His relationship with Emma Gifford is certainly the predominant subject in this assortment. There is both the connection between the two when she was alive and his relationship with the dead Emma. In The Voice his dead spouse is tended to legitimately. Solid hears Emma call to him and call to me is rehashed all through the sonnet to emulate what he hears in his brain. The metrical organization of the sonnet is especially striking and onomatopoeiac. The voice of his significant other traveling every which way in the breeze is proposed by the utilization of dactyls like call to me, the triple rhymes on lines one and three and the sharp truncation of lines two and four. Strong builds the sonnet to show his expanding question s; the energy of the initial two verses offers route to a profound vulnerability. He sees her in an air-blue outfit, as she was in the prime of their relationship, however by the end she has broken up into wan stupidity. Inquiries are posed yet no reaction is given thus he continues wavering forward. Like in Neutral Tones the scene imitates the relationship; the leaves are falling and a there is a cruel norward wind. The feeling of misfortune is intense and even toward the end he hears the lady calling. In huge numbers of the 1912-1913 sonnets mirror the effect of Emmas demise upon his recognition. Specific minutes are picked to represent the change that has occurred. These are minutes that have picked up strength upon review reflection. In The Walk Hardy compares the past with the present to attempt to grasp the distinction. The structure obviously compares the past against the present. At the point when he strolled up the slope in prior days he was all alone yet wouldn't fret since he didnt think about her as left behind. He strolls up the slope in the previous manner and sees that the environmental factors are comparative, so he asks the, What improvement at that point? He answers that there is an, hidden sense Of the vibe of a room on returning thus The nonappearance isn't physical yet powerful. This sonnet shows how the departure of a friend or family member can influence recognition. This very Joycean topic is an intermittent one, particularly in the 1912-1913 sonnets. In Beeny Cliff Hardy thinks back to a second where his significant other was available. He thinks back on an untainted clear-sunned March Day and the tone is far less genuinely expelled than that of The Walk. The initial three verses are brimming with shading and cheerful bliss, despite the fact that there is murkiness it is just impermanent and the, sun [bursts] out once more After the initial three refrains Hardy movements; March is near and Beeny Cliff is chasmal. This unmistakably outlines his day of work in observation attributable to her demise. This thought is again introduced in The Going when, upon her passing, he sees, morning solidify upon the divider The Going has a promptness that a considerable lot of his different sonnets need. It is Hardys first endeavor to grapple with the demise of Emma and is written in the repercussions of her passing. Not at all like the demise in After The Last Breath no feeling of numb help; dissimilar to his moms passing Emmas demise came generally startling. The feelings are crude and the tone changes among accusatory and repentant. He inquires as to why she gave no trace of her passing which has adjusted all. He blames Emma for aloofness however then proceeds to lament their absence of correspondence before her demise. At long last toward the finish of the sonnet surrenders to the way that Alls past change. He says that her demise has [undone] him and he is a dead man hung on end. In spite of the fact that their relationship before death was not especially heartfelt her demise has influenced him profoundly. Despite the fact that connections are a prevailing topic in a great deal of Hardys verse they are in no way, shape or form the main topic. One subject which surfaces in about the entirety of his verse is the normal world. The common world is utilized as a gadget to reflect feelings in, what T.S Eliot called, a goal correlative. Strong utilizations lamentable deception to outline the profound enthusiastic association he feels with nature. It could be contended that, in the wide feeling of the word relationship, these sonnets are in reality about connections. Solid shows the inherent connection between the person and the normal world. In Beeny Cliff the ocean is opal and sapphire when Emma is alive, reflecting Hardys joy. After Emma has kicked the bucket the bluff is chasmal and is illustrative of the partition which isolates the two. In The Waterfall nature appears to, add to the rhyme of affection In Neutral Tones shows a couples lack of concern towards one another reflected by the lackluster harvest time scene. In Beeny Cliff the seasons are likewise used; it is a reasonable sunned March day which generally speaks to a period of richness and delight. Later on in the sonnet March is utilized unexpectedly; he profits to Beeny Cliff for a March day yet there is not, at this point any satisfaction. In We Sat At The Window July the seasons are utilized unexpectedly once more. Despite the fact that they are two individuals in their prime they are squandered: despite the fact that it is July it is coming down. The scene is mixed up and they are irritated by it. This stands out strongly from The Waterfall wherein a snapshot of unadulterated joy happens in the consume of August. Tough originated from a provincial foundation and he felt a profound association with the normal world. In Throwing A Tree Hardy shows a philanthropic worry for nature. He utilizes an emotive lexis to depict the chopping down of a tree. The laborers are considered killers and his exemplification of the pleased tree summons emotion. Toward the finish of the sonnet he regrets that, 200 years consistent development has been finished in under two hours The invasion of innovation into the characteristic world is depicted in a merciless light. This appears to be a reversal of the brief idea of human life even with the life span of nature passed on in huge numbers of his different sonnets. Nature is frequently depicted as a steady which Hardy looks to as a proportion of human slightness. This topic truly goes to its head in the 1912-13 sonnets; notwithstanding the demise of his better half the world proceeds and he is helped to remember his own mortality. In Beeny Cliff the waves are, charmed in saying their incessant chattering state The waves push ahead precisely like time. Despite the fact that the waves may have appeared to be far away when they were together, time has found them. Time has now assumed Emma to a position where she, No longer thinks about Beeny and will chuckle there nevermore This is likewise observed in At Castle Boterel. Strong envisions that his own abstract recollections can outperform the target realities of time. Be that as it may, these memor

Business and Society

A wide range of organizations should start social duty projects to improve their associations with their partners. Social obligation for the most part implies a selection by a business of a key concentration for satisfying the four sorts of duties; monetary, lawful, moral and altruistic responsibilities.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Business and Society explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper holds the supposition that out of the four kinds of social duty, financial social obligation is the most significant. This is on the grounds that any business must have a duty to be financially practical with the goal that it can give an arrival on venture to its entrepreneurs simultaneously make openings for work for the network while contributing products and enterprises to the economy. Without the financial obligation, the other three sorts of duty would be pointless. Commitment of Etihad Airways towards corporate social capably (CSR) Etihad Airways is United Arab Emirate’s national aircraft. Etihad Airways serve more than 72 primary business and recreation goals worldwide and focuses to fly 25million travelers every year to in any event 100 goals by 2020. Because of such enormous inclusion with different partners, Etihad Airways detailed a solid social obligation procedure. Etihad Airways values its situation as an essential piece of society and its capability to have both positive and negative effects on the networks in which it works. One of the airway’s destinations is to advance its corporate social duty through the full scope of customary and new correspondences diverts and in successful announcing. Both corporate and individual generosity is a significant piece of Etihad’s corporate social obligation. The aircraft appreciates a serious extent of acknowledgment among its regarded partners in the United Arab Emirates just as the networks they work in. They deal with their generous giving and n etwork contribution morally and with straightforwardness to meet the desires for the corporate administration and partners. Etihad Airways has contributed essentially towards corporate social duty in different manners. In the first place the staff individuals from Etihad Airways reacted with sympathy and vitality to a few emergency and helpful guide. They in 2010 gave cash and emergency help things for dissemination to networks in Haiti, Chile, Pakistan and Australia. In Haiti, the staff gave cash and help things. In Pakistan, the Etihad staff dispersed more than 1,000 Eid blessing packs to uprooted kids living in the Razzakabad alleviation camp in Karachi after the nation was hit by appalling floods. Simultaneously, the organization supported volunteers from the Pakistan Flood Relief Dubai office to disseminate gave food, attire and family items.Advertising Looking for paper on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More notwithstanding these, Etihad reacted quickly to the overwhelming flood that inundated an immense region of Queensland, Australia and influenced around 200,000 individuals. The organization promised AUD 1 million in help to the Queensland Government. Other than these, and with a point of proceeding with the company’s social duty, Etihad Airways is an establishing signatory and individual from Care via Air, a compassionate and help activity from Abu Dhabi. It gives space at cost to convey alleviation help to catastrophe stricken territories around the globe. Etihad is a likewise an enrolled individual from the International Society of Transport Aircraft exchanging Airlink which gives and advances a free electronic gateway planned for tending to formative and crisis philanthropic air transport needs. Etihad Airways has without a doubt contributed essentially and has satisfied its Corporate Social Responsibility procedure as saw here above. This article on Business and Society was composed and put together by client Kelvin Ellis to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Canadas First Past the Post System

In Canada Federal and Provincial First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) races depend on single part regions or ridings. Each riding picks one contender to choose into parliament. So as to win an up-and-comer must acquire the most noteworthy number of votes however not really most of votes. The gathering that successes the most ridings is named the official administration of Canada with the runner up party turning into the official resistance. The (FPTP) framework is otherwise called the ‘winner-take-all' framework, in which the applicant with the most votes gets chose. FPTP casting a ballot strategies can be utilized for single and numerous part elections.In a solitary part political race the up-and-comer with the most elevated number, not really a lion's share, of votes is chosen. This framework is utilized in Canada, UK, US, and India. Numerous Canadians are not content with the present First Past the Post framework right now set up for choosing parliamentary authorities commonly and gov ernmentally. I imagine that Canada’s First Past the Post parliamentary discretionary framework ought to be changed on the grounds that it favors strategic democratic; it hosts a negative impact on littler gatherings; and opens up the chance of manipulating constituencies.A new appointive framework that is progressively relative is required so as to address these issues. There are a couple of issues that emerge out of the FPTP framework. One of the most significant issues is the propensity for FPTP to support strategic democratic. Strategic democratic happens when voters cast their decisions in favor of one of the two applicants that are well on the way to win. This is done on the grounds that it is seen by the voter that their vote will be squandered if they somehow managed to decide to decide in favor of a littler gathering, which they would more like. This is a justifiable inclination by the voter in light of the fact that solitary decisions in favor of the triumphant up-an d-comer really check (Blais, 2008).The position is at times summarized, in an extraordinary structure, as â€Å"All votes in favor of anybody other than the runner up are votes in favor of the winner†(Rosenbaum 2004), on the grounds that by deciding in favor of different applicants, they have denied those votes to the second spot competitor who could have won had they gotten them. Following the 2000 U. S. presidential political race, a few supporters of Democratic applicant Al Gore accepted he lost the amazingly close political race to Republican George W. Shrub on the grounds that a segment of the electorate (2. 7%) decided in favor of Ralph Nader of the Green Party.Exit surveys demonstrated that a greater amount of these voters would have favored Gore (45%) to Bush (27%), with the rest not casting a ballot in Nader's nonappearance (Rosenbaum 2004). The individuals, who decided in favor of Ralph Nader in spite of his amazing powerlessness to win, successfully decided in favo r of Bush by denying Gore of their votes despite the fact that they would have favored Gore. With strategic democratic, voters, need to foresee ahead of time who the main two up-and-comers will be. This can mutilate results fundamentally. One factor that impacts strategic democratic is the Media. Significant force is given to the media.Some voters will in general accept the media's declarations with respect to who the main contenders are probably going to be in the political race. Indeed, even voters who doubt the media will realize that different voters do accept the media, and in this manner that those competitors who get the most media consideration will presumably be the most mainstream and hence well on the way to be the best two. The media can likewise assume a significant job in convincing voters to utilize strategic democratic. This is exemplified using assault notices in TV; radio and print media. This occurs in the UK. The framework may advance votes against instead of vot es for.In the UK, whole battles have been composed with the point of casting a ballot against the Conservative party by casting a ballot either Labor or Liberal Democrat. For instance, in a voting demographic held by the Conservatives, with the Liberal Democrats as the runner up party and the Labor Party in third, Labor supporters may be encouraged to decide in favor of the Liberal Democrat competitor (who has a littler shortage of votes to make up and more help in the voting public) instead of their own applicant, on the premise that Labor supporters would incline toward a MP from a contending left/liberal gathering to a Conservative one (Drogus 2008).The media holds a significant job in educating and impacting general society about political up-and-comers. This makes the FPTP framework transform into run-off democratic, which is a two round democratic framework where voters choose two harbingers for the supporters and select one to be victor. The â€Å"first round† of the p olitical decision is done inside the court of general sentiment, the â€Å"second round† occurs with the official political race. This can be found in the case of the 1997 Winchester by-political decision: â€Å"Gerry Malone the previous Conservative MP who had lost his seat in the general political decision, was reprimanded as a â€Å"poor loser† by the media.The Labor Party got their most exceedingly awful ever brings about a parliamentary political decision, partially in light of the fact that they scarcely battled at all and rather centered their needs around the by-political race in Beckenham hung around the same time. It is assumed that the vast majority of the Labor supporters chose to cast a ballot Liberal Democrat realizing that they were so improbable to win. † (Farrell 1998). The Labor Party voters utilized their votes strategically in light of the fact that they knew they couldn’t win and were killed by the Conservative competitors negative pi cture in the press.Another significant explanation that Canada should choose an alternate political decision framework is that the FPTP framework hosts a huge effect on littler gatherings. As per Political Scientist Maurice Duverger’s Law, given enough time FPTP frameworks will inevitably turn into a two gathering framework (Duverger 1972). The FPTP framework just gives the champ in each area a seat, a gathering that reliably comes third in each locale won't increase any seats in the lawmaking body, regardless of whether it gets a huge extent of the vote.This puts an overwhelming strain on parties that are extend topographically far, for example, the Green party of Canada who got around 5% of the well known vote from 2004-2011, yet had just won a solitary riding during that time (Elections Canada). The subsequent issue confronting littler gatherings in FPTP frameworks is identified with strategic democratic. Duverger recommended a political decision wherein 100,000 moderate v oters and 80,000 radical voters are deciding in favor of a solitary official.If two moderate gatherings ran applicants and one radical up-and-comer were to run, the extreme up-and-comer would win except if one of the moderate up-and-comers assembled less than 20,000 votes. Watching this, moderate voters would be bound to decide in favor of the up-and-comer well on the way to acquire votes, with the objective of crushing the extreme up-and-comer. Either the two gatherings must consolidation, or one moderate gathering must fall flat, as the voters incline toward the two in number gatherings, a pattern Duverger called polarization (Duverger 1972).Smaller gatherings will never have a considerable measure of portrayal with respect to their size. FPTP will in general decrease the quantity of practical ideological groups to a more prominent degree than different strategies. This makes it more probable that a solitary gathering will hold a larger part of administrative seats. Canada has had 33 dominant part governments out of 41 decisions (Parliament of Canada) FPTP's propensity toward less gatherings and progressively visit one-party rule can conceivably deliver an administration that may not think about a wide a scope of viewpoints and concerns.It is totally conceivable that a voter will locate that both significant gatherings concur on a specific issue. For this situation, the voter won't have any significant method of communicating a disagreeing supposition through their vote. These voters should turn to strategic democratic and decision in favor of an up-and-comer that they for the most part can't help contradicting so as to restrict an applicant they can't help contradicting considerably more. This is a trade off that the voter ought not need to make so as to communicate them selves strategically. The third issue with the FPTP framework is that it is particularly defenseless against gerrymandering.Gerrymandering is the way toward setting constituent areas so as to build up a political bit of leeway for a specific gathering or gathering by controlling geographic limits to make fanatic or occupant ensured locale. The subsequent region is known as a manipulate (Martis 2008). This procedure is extremely disputable in Canada and is seen contrarily when endeavored. Governments in capacity to harden their strength at the administrative and common level can utilize manipulating to build voters in a riding where they don't have the same number of voters, giving them an uncalled for advantage upon re-election.The instances of manipulating and its belongings can be found in Canada today. The present bureaucratic constituent region limits in Saskatchewan have been marked as proof of manipulating, The region's two significant urban communities, Saskatoon and Regina, are both â€Å"cracked† into four locale every, when the populaces of the urban areas legitimate would legitimize around three and more than two of all-urban (or for the most part ur ban) regions individually; the guide rather bunches portions of the New Democratic Party-accommodating urban communities with enormous Conservative-inclining rustic territories (Elections Canada)In 2006, a discussion emerged on Prince Edward Island over the common government's choice to toss out an appointive guide drawn by an autonomous commission. Rather the legislature made two new maps. The legislature received the second of these, planned by the gathering of the overseeing party. Resistance groups and the media assaulted Premier Pat Binns for what they saw as manipulating of locale. In addition to other things, the administration received a guide that guaranteed that each present Member of the Legislative Assembly from the chief's party had an area to run in for re-appointment, while in the first guide, a few had been redistricted.Despite this, in the 2007 common political decision just 7 of 20 officeholder Members of the Legislative Assembly were reappointed and the legislatur e was crushed. Pat Binnsâ

Thread #4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

String #4 - Essay Example e that Subway is the undisputed pioneer in quick and sound food since they offer simple to get ready sandwiches which are â€Å"made to arrange directly before the client - utilizing newly prepared breads, select sauces and an assortment of heavenly toppings† (Doctors Associates, Inc., 2011). Furthermore, the third explanation which is significant is the constant encouraging group of people that it offers its franchisees. Subway’s emotionally supportive network incorporates preparing, item advancement, promoting, buying helpful and field support (Doctors Associates, Inc., 2011). The all out interest in beginning a Subway establishment is somewhere close to $84,300 to $258,300. This sum incorporates the establishment charge, on-going sovereignty expense, fire up cost, hardware, finance and stock (Entrepreneur Media, Inc., 2011). This implies a franchisee should likewise consider investigating the conceivable financing choices open to him to support the absolute venture to be made. Beside these costs, a business experience is expected to claim a metro establishment. The labor expected to run the establishment will associate with six to ten workers. There ought to likewise be an all out responsibility from the franchisee on the grounds that Subway doesn't permit truant possession and the terms of understanding is for 20

Learning children to play percussion instruments Essay

The job of an instructing partner is to amplify learning, make a sheltered and positive learning condition and to limit conduct issues. I would add to the exercise by attempting to accomplish this objective in the accompanying manner: I would guarantee all the instruments are prepared for the exercise, having checked they are in decent shape and improbable to cause injury. I would administer the youngsters utilizing the instruments, for example check they hold them accurately, use them properly be a decent good example exhibiting how instruments ought to be held and utilized. I would bolster kids who are encountering challenges I would screen children’s capacity to utilize instruments, adhere to directions, accomplish result of exercise Safety would be about the condition of the instruments, children’s utilization of them and guaranteeing mouth pieces are cleanly treated and kept up Making sure that music sheets are accessible if necessary. I would likewise screen their practices by managing and to attempt to limit troublesome conduct, which will enable the kids to keep enthusiasm for the exercise. I would likewise guarantee that I complete perceptions on the youngsters to ensure they can utilize the instruments and to accomplish the result of the exercise. As an encouraging associate I ought to likewise be set up to offer input toward the finish of the meeting to either the youngsters or the instructor.

INT to the INT to the IN(s)T

INT to the INT to the IN(s)T Interactive Introduction to the Institute (i3) (n.) a DVD you will receive with your next big mailing (scheduled to be sent out early May), after you choose to matriculate. The DVD is a compilation of student-produced videos introducing each of the 17 (this year!) dorms at MIT (counting New House as 6 different dorms New House, iHouse, and 4 cultural houses). The DVD comes in a nifty little graphic-intensive booklet with all the gory details of housing options, cost, dining hall, housing lottery, REX (when you come to campus and check out the dorms for yourself), the highly controversial Residential-Based Advising, and more graphic advertisement for each of the 17 dorms. As there would definitely be a lot more questions about the MIT housing system as you guys actually get these booklets, I would defer actually blogging about choosing a dorm later on (and Im sure Paul would have a lot to say about this as well). But anywhoo, I want to give you a sneak peek of some of the 2008 i3 videos already floating around on the Net, if youre curious. :) We shall begin, of course, with iHouse my dorm! =p shameless advertising Welcome to the highly innovative, oft-mentioned, MIT-homepage featured, administration-acclaimed International House. more shameless plug Video bought to you by yours truly /shameless advertisements (note: the ending is actually cut off, for some reason by Youtube, meh) (psst, Steve is my roommate, and so is Zach you might remember him from everyones favorite Mastering Physics =p. the bed with the stuffed lion is mine, lolol) Some other ones! BAKER HOUSE AWESOME baker kart RANDOM HALL And if youre curious what the booklet that contains your i3 DVD looks like (I stuffed the DVDs into a lot of those booklets on Thursday!) BE PUMPED! woo!

MCAT Tutor Two Shockingly Easy Organic Chemistry MCAT tips

Whenever I first start working with a student in MCAT preparation, I like to start with the words: "quick wins." The best MCAT test tips are those that can be applied immediately to improve your performance without much work. This is the low-hanging fruit and it makes sense to pick it off the tree before reaching for the high stuff. So, for the organic chemistry section of the MCAT, what is the lowest hanging fruit? In my experience as an organic chemistry tutor, there are two strategies that can be used immediately for effective MCAT preparation. The first is sequencing, which I’ll get into in a minute, and the second is using the pictures and skipping the passage. On sequencing, I think I can explain it best with an example. Suppose you are using Cambridge Coaching’s expert network of online tutors for MCATs to prep for the big test. How would you arrange your online MCAT tutoring? Would you spend 10 minutes on bio, then switch to 10 minutes on organic chemistry, then maybe throw in 10 minutes of verbal, and then go back to organic chemistry again? Probably not! Besides being logistically challenging, it’s distracting to go back and forth between subjects. Just like when you were in high school, you finish all your math homework before moving on to history. That’s how you should take the test! Do all the biology sections together, and do all the organic chemistry sections together. Sequencing matters. The next juicy piece of low-hanging fruit is using the pictures in the passage without reading it. Organic chemistry questions on the MCAT can almost always be answered with only the reaction diagrams. Whoever first said that a picture was worth a thousand words knew what they were talking about. Next time you do a practice section, try jumping into the questions without reading the passage. You might be surprised to find you still answer the questions accurately, while saving a bunch of time! Here at Cambridge Coaching, we’re about working hard, but also working smart. Using these techniques to make the most of your MCAT preparation will give you more time for activities that might help get you into medical school, like engaging in extracurriculars, shadowing doctors, or taking advantage of MD admissions consulting. Happy studying!

Racism in America Continues - 733 Words

Since the downfall of the Black Panther party and the assassination of many Black leaders such as Malcolm X and Dr. Martin Luther King, Black progressive movements have ceased. The volume of racist comments and images have not reformed. Blacks continue to be undervalued in society. Not much has changed when it comes to social justice. Hate crimes against Blacks continue to go unpunished. America has evidently regressed when it comes to justice for Black/African Americans. One might ask; how do we know that racism hasnt ended? The evidence is obvious. â€Å"Emmett Till, who was 14 years old in the summer of 1955 when he walked into a local grocery store in Money, Miss., to buy gum. He was later roused from bed, beaten brutally, and shot by a group of white men who later dumped his body in a nearby river. They claimed he had stepped out of his place by flirting with a young white woman, the wife of the stores owner. The second boy is Trayvon Martin, who was 17 years old late last winter when he walked into a 7-Eleven near a gated community in Sanford, Fla., to buy Skittles and an iced tea. He was later shot to death at close range by a mixed-race man, who claimed Martin had behaved suspiciously and seemed out of place (Anderson)†. Tills story strikes overbearing resemblance to the more recent case of Trayvon Martin. Although these cases took place six decades apart they both ended the same, without any justice for the young Black boys. Since the slaughter of Emmett Till in theShow MoreRelatedRacism And The Pursuit Of Happiness Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the history of America, racism has been a major issue. The matter of racism has created a divide amongst many Americans and that divide continues to exist to this day. The United States has always taken pride in being recognized as the melting pot of the world. 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For instances, there are no longer many major instances of African Americans beingRead MoreOppression : Racism And Sexism949 Words   |  4 PagesOppression thrives in America because a majority of its citizens believes forms of oppression such as racism and sexism are relics of the past. What they do not know is that instead of disappearing, racism and sexism have just become so normalized in the United States to the point where people see them as just parts of everyday life. Institution are the rules and establishments put in place to help regulate peoples’ life on a social and global scale. White, straight men have been creating these institutionsRead MoreRacial Discrimination : An American Civil Rights Activist942 Words   |  4 Pagestalked about racial discrimination in America today and said â€Å"As I often say, we have come a long wa y from the days of slavery, but in 2014, discrimination and inequality still saturates our society in modern ways. 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People believe it has settled down over time, but it’s still a major issue that we as AmericansRead MoreAmerica Still Divided : Racism And Discrimination1091 Words   |  5 Pages Soc206 April 30, 2015 Final/Research Paper America Still Divided Racism and discrimination inequalities have become a major discussion throughout the years in our society. Inequalities has impacted every level of humanity on this earth. Education, tolerance and acceptance can be used to challenge one another in attempt to change the negative traditions that continue to exist in our culture. Racism and discrimination inequalities continues to be passed from generation to generation. WhenRead MoreRacism : Racism And It Is Fair For Label A Country Racist?1648 Words   |  7 Pages In the recent years, racism has been at its highest, so the media reports to the public. Through sports, policing, and schooling, some story of racism is written up by a major news organization and society goes into disbelief. In any community, racist people exist, but with all the recent stories written by major and minor news organizations, it raises the underlined theme that America is racist. But, it is fair to label a country racist? In order to answer the question, there needs to be a setRead MoreRacial Profiling Is Out Of Control979 Words   |  4 Pages Racial Profiling is racism Today in America racial profiling is out of control. People are being attacked, judge and even killed for reasons beyond just skin color. For many years people of color have been racially profiled, and now when America should be moving forward, America is going backwards. Racial profiling, which is a form of racism has gotten out of control, and the past has not improved as we have moved into the 20th century. It is time for Americans to take a closer look at racial

Christiana Riot 1851 Resistance By Fugitive Slaves

The Christiana Riot was a violent encounter that erupted in September 1851 when a slave owner from Maryland attempted to arrest four fugitive slaves who had been living on a farm in Pennsylvania. In an exchange of gunfire, the slave owner, Edward Gorsuch, was shot dead. The incident was widely reported in newspapers and escalated tensions over enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act. A manhunt was launched to find and arrest the fugitive slaves, who had fled northward. With the help of the Underground Railroad, and ultimately the personal intercession of Frederick Douglass, they made their way to freedom in Canada. However, others present that morning at the farm near the village of Christiana, Pennsylvania, were hunted down and arrested. One white man, a local Quaker named Castner Hanway, was charged with treason. At a celebrated federal trial, a legal defense team masterminded by the abolitionist Congressman Thaddeus Stevens mocked the position of the federal government. A jury acquitted Hanway, and charges against others were not pursued. While the Christiana Riot is not widely remembered today, it was a flashpoint in the struggle against slavery. And it set the stage for further controversies that would mark the 1850s. Pennsylvania Was a Haven for Fugitive Slaves In the early decades of the 19th century, Maryland was a slave state. Across the Mason-Dixon Line, Pennsylvania was not only a free state, but was home to a number of anti-slavery activists, including Quakers who had been taking an active stand against slavery for decades. In some small farming communities in southern Pennsylvania fugitive slaves would be welcomed. And by the time of the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, some former slaves were prospering and helping other slaves who arrived from Maryland or other points to the south. At times slave catchers would come into the farming communities and kidnap African Americans and take them into slavery in the South. A network of lookouts watched for strangers in the area, and a group of former slaves banded together into something of a resistance movement. Edward Gorsuch Sought His Former Slaves In November 1847 four slaves escaped from the Maryland farm of Edward Gorsuch. The men reached Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, just over the Maryland line, and found support among the local Quakers. They all found work as farmhands  and settled into the community. Nearly two years later, Gorsuch received a credible report that his slaves were definitely living in the area around Christiana, Pennsylvania. An informant, who infiltrated the area while working as a traveling clock repairman, had obtained information about them. In September 1851 Gorsuch obtained warrants from a United States marshal in Pennsylvania to apprehend the fugitives and return them to Maryland. Traveling to Pennsylvania with his son, Dickinson Gorsuch, he met up with a local constable and a posse was formed to capture the four former slaves. The Standoff at Christiana The Gorsuch party, along with Henry Kline, a federal marshal, were spotted traveling in the countryside. The fugitive slaves had taken shelter in the home of William Parker, a former slave and a leader of the local abolitionist resistance. On the morning of September 11, 1851, a raiding party arrived at Parker’s house, demanding that the four men who legally belonged to Gorsuch surrender. A standoff developed, and someone on the top floor of Parker’s house began blowing a trumpet as a signal of trouble. Within minutes, neighbors, both black and white, began to appear. And as the confrontation escalated, shooting began. Men on both sides fired weapons, and Edward Gorsuch was killed. His son was seriously wounded and nearly died. As the federal marshal fled in panic, a local Quaker, Castner Hanway, tried to calm the scene. Aftermath of the Shooting at Christiana The incident, of course, was shocking to the public. As news got out and stories began appearing in newspapers, people in the South were outraged. In the North, abolitionists lauded the actions of those who had resisted slave catchers. And the former slaves involved in the incident quickly scattered, disappearing into local networks of the Underground Railroad. In the days following the incident at Christiana, 45 marines from the Navy Yard in Philadelphia were brought into the area to assist lawmen in searching for the perpetrators. Dozens of local residents, black and white, were arrested and taken to the jail in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The federal government, feeling pressure to take action, indicted one man, the local Quaker Castner Hanway, on a charge of treason, for having obstructed the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act. The Christiana Treason Trial The federal government put Hanway on trial in Philadelphia in November 1851. His defense was masterminded by Thaddeus Stevens, a brilliant attorney who also represented Lancaster County in Congress. Stevens, an ardent abolitionist, had years of experience arguing fugitive slave cases in Pennsylvania courts. The federal prosecutors made their case for treason. And the defense team mocked the concept that a local Quaker farmer had been planning to overthrow the federal government. A co-counsel of Thaddeus Stevens noted that the United States reached from ocean to ocean, and was 3,000 miles wide. And it was â€Å"ridiculously absurd† to think that an incident that occurred between a cornfield and an orchard was a treasonous attempt to â€Å"overturn† the federal government. A crowd had gathered at the courthouse hoping to hear Thaddeus Stevens sum up for the defense. But perhaps sensing that he might become a lightning rod for criticism, Stevens chose not to speak. His legal strategy worked, and Castner Hanway was acquitted of treason after brief deliberations by the jury. And the federal government eventually released all other prisoners, and never brought any other cases related to the incident at Christiana. In his annual message to Congress (the precursor of the State of the Union Address), President Millard Fillmore referred indirectly to the incident at Christiana, and promised more federal action. But the matter was allowed to fade away. The Escape of the Fugitives of Christiana William Parker, accompanied by two other men, fled to Canada immediately after the shooting of Gorsuch. Underground Railroad connections helped them to reach Rochester, New York, where Frederick Douglass personally escorted them to a boat bound for Canada. Other fugitive slaves who had been living in the countryside around Christiana also fled and made their way to Canada. Some reportedly returned to the United States and at least one served in the Civil War as a member of the U.S. Colored Troops. And the attorney who led the defense of Castner Hanway, Thaddeus Stevens, later became one of the most powerful men on Capitol Hill as the leader of the Radical Republicans in the 1860s.

The Invention of Paper

Try to imagine life without paper. Even in the era of emails and digital books, paper is all around us. Paper is in shopping bags, money, store receipts, cereal boxes, and toilet paper. We use paper in so many ways every day. So, where did this marvelously versatile material come from? According to ancient Chinese historical sources, a court eunuch named Tsai Lun (or Cai Lun) presented the newly-invented paper to the Emperor Hedi of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 105 CE. The historian Fan Hua (398-445 CE) recorded this version of events, but archaeological finds from western China and Tibet suggest that paper was invented centuries earlier. Samples of even more ancient paper, some of it dating to c. 200 BCE, have been unearthed in the ancient Silk Road cities of Dunhuang and Khotan, and in Tibet. The dry climate in these places allowed the paper to survive for up to 2,000 years without entirely decomposing. Amazingly, some of this paper even has ink marks on it, proving that ink was invented much earlier than historians had supposed. Writing Materials Before  Paper Of course, people in various places around the world were writing long before the invention of paper. Materials such as bark, silk, wood, and leather functioned in a similar way to paper, although they were either much more expensive or heavier. In China, many early works were recorded on long bamboo strips, which were then bound with leather straps or string into books. People world-wide also carved very important notations into stone or bone, or pressed stamps into wet clay and then dried or fired the tablets to preserve their words. However, writing (and later printing) required a material that was both cheap and lightweight to become truly ubiquitous. Paper fit the bill perfectly. Chinese Paper-Making Early paper-makers in China used hemp fibers, which were soaked in water and pounded with a large wooden mallet. The resulting slurry was then poured over a horizontal mold; loosely-woven cloth stretched over a framework of bamboo allowed the water to drip out the bottom or evaporate, leaving behind a flat sheet of dry hemp-fiber paper. Over time, paper-makers began to use other materials in their product, including bamboo, mulberry and different types of tree bark. They dyed paper for official records with a yellow substance, the imperial color, which had the added benefit of repelling insects that might have destroyed the paper otherwise. One of the most common formats for early paper was the scroll. A few long pieces of paper were pasted together to form a strip, which was then wrapped around a wooden roller. The other end of the paper was attached to a thin wooden dowel, with a piece of silk cord in the middle to tie the scroll shut. The Spread of Paper-Making From its point of origin in China, the idea and technology of paper-making spread throughout Asia. In the 500s CE, artisans on the Korean Peninsula began to make paper using many of the same materials as Chinese paper-makers. The Koreans also used rice straw and seaweed, expanding the types of fiber available for paper production. This early adoption of paper fueled the Korean innovations in printing, as well. Metal movable type was invented by 1234 CE on the peninsula. Around 610 CE, according to legend, the Korean Buddhist monk Don-Cho introduced paper-making to the court of Emperor Kotoku in Japan. Paper-making technology also spread west through Tibet and then south into India. Paper Reaches the Middle East and Europe In 751 CE, the armies of Tang China and the ever-expanding Arab Abbasid Empire clashed in the Battle of Talas River, in what is now Kyrgyzstan. One of the most interesting repercussions of this Arab victory was that the Abbasids captured Chinese artisans, including master paper-makers like Tou Houan, and took them back to the Middle East. At that time, the Abbasid Empire stretched from Spain and Portugal in the west through North Africa to Central Asia in the east, so knowledge of this marvelous new material spread far and wide. Before long, cities from Samarkand (now in Uzbekistan) to Damascus and Cairo had become centers of paper production. In 1120, the Moors established Europes first paper mill at Valencia, Spain (then called Xativa). From there, this Chinese invention passed to Italy, Germany, and other parts of Europe. Paper helped spread knowledge, much of which was gleaned from the great Asian culture centers along the Silk Road, that enabled Europes High Middle Ages. Manifold Uses Meanwhile, in East Asia, paper was used for an enormous number of purposes. Combined with varnish, it became beautiful lacquer-ware storage vessels and furniture. In Japan, the walls of homes were often made of rice-paper. Besides paintings and books, paper was made into fans, umbrellas, even highly effective armor. Paper truly is one of the most wonderful Asian inventions of all time.

Escape Mechanisms in The Glass Menagerie Essay - 1333 Words

Escape Mechanisms in The Glass Menagerie In Tennessee Williams’ play, The Glass Menagerie, all four members of the Wingfield family have chosen to hide from reality. Amanda tries to relive her past through Laura, and denies anything she does not want to accept. Laura is terrified of the real world, and choses to hide behind her limp, her glass menagerie and the victrola. Tom hides from his reality by going to the movies, writing poetry, and getting drunk. Mr Wingfield hides from his reality by leaving his family and not contacting them after he has done so. Each member of the Wingfield family has their own escape mechanism which they use to hide or escape from the real world. Amanda has chosen to hide from reality by†¦show more content†¦The reader can see from this that Amanda is definitely living in the past. Another way that Amanda hides from reality is that she tries to deny anything that she does not want to accept. She denies that Laura is crippled, saying ‘Nonsense! Laura, I’ve told you never, never to use that word.’ (p 247). Amanda believes that if she denies something so much, that it will not be true. This also occurs when Laura thinks that the gentleman caller will be her high school crush, and Amanda denies that it could be, ‘It won’t be him! It isn’t the least bit likely.’ (p 278). It is in these ways that Amanda Wingfield hides from reality. Laura Wingfield has chosen to hide from reality in the play The Glass Menagerie. She seems to live in a world of her own, and hides from everything and everyone outside of the apartment. Laura is terrified of anything new or different. Her mother sent her to business college, but Laura was so afraid that ‘The first time [they] gave a speed-test, she broke down completely – was sick at the stomach and almost had to be carried into the wash –room.’ (p 243). Laura uses her limp as an excuse to hide from the world. She believes that her slight limp makes her crippled and that she cannot be a part of the real world because of it. Laura’s glass menagerie and the victrola act as things which protect her from the real world in the play. Whenever she isShow MoreRelated Essay on Escape Mechanisms in The Glass Menagerie506 Words   |  3 PagesEscape Mechanisms in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚   In Tennessee Williams play, The Glass Menagerie, each character attempts to escape the real world by creating their own â€Å"reality†. Laura hides from the world by magnifying her illness. Tom convinces himself that his needs supersede the needs of his family. Amanda focuses almost exclusively on the past - when she saw herself as a desirable southern belle. Even Jim focus his hopes on recapturing his good old high school days. Each character transposesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play The Glass Menagerie 1281 Words   |  6 PagesDevin Simpson Professor Carusp The Glas Menagerie 4/29/15 Within the play The Glass Menagerie, Amanda, Laura, and Tom Wingfield all of have their own dreams that are continuously destroyed by the harshness of reality. Amanda, stuck in the ease of her youth, tries to relive her life through her daughter Laura. Being crippled both physically and mentally, Laura struggles to escape the bubble she has created around herself that her mother Amanda so strongly tries to force her out of. Tom whom, althoughRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie By William Shakespeare Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesWe all want to disappear at times†¦ escape even. In the end we all know that we cannot run from our problems, no matter where you run they are always there lurking in the shadows. 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The setting in

Marketing Management Assignment Free Essays

MKT 306 Marketing Strategy First name: Dilara Surname: Bulut Student no. : 119147630 Adress: Hullerstr. 21 44866 Bochum Germany Return date: 1/10/2012 Center: International Business School Lippstadt, Germany | Module leader: Sudipta Das Table of contents 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Executive Summary1 2. Introduction2 3. The Current Situation3 3. 1SWOT-Analysis3 3. 2PESTLE-Analysis6 3. 3Differential Advantage- USP (Unique Selling Proposition)11 4. Recommendations11 4. 1Segmentation, Targeting Positioning11 4. Marketing Goals and Objectives14 4. 3 The Marketing Mix†¦ 16 4. 3. 1 Product16 4. 3. 2 Price16 4. 3. 3 Place16 4. 3. 4 Promotion17 4. 4Implementation and Control18 5. Conclusion20 6. Appendix21 7. References25 1. Executive Summary This report tends to get an insight into the global marketing strategy of Hertz in the U. S. car rental industry. Though Hertz is the world’s largest car rental company and puts much emphasis on customer satisfaction, some customers are not satisfied. This is a lurking hazard as the competition in the U. S. is enormously regarding this segment. The idea of their marketing strategy is to differ themselves from the competitors by a high level of customer service, their innovation spirit, technological development and by offering environmentally friendly electric cars. This marketing strategy effects an enhancement of the brand image which will have a positive impact of the company and its stakeholders. 2. Introduction Hertz a U. S. company is the world’s largest car rental company with 8500 locations in 150 countries. Because of the fact that there is a high amount of competitors within the Car Rental Service industry like Avis Budget or Enterprise Rent-A-Car companies have to distinguish themselves through customer service and prices to win new customers and to retain existing customers. Due to the high intensity in this industry companies have to offer same prices, features, benefits and therefore lose potential profits. Another problem Hertz has to face is the rising fuel costs. A main part of Hertz Car Rental revenues is effected by airport locations. If the airport Industry raises the price of their ticket, the number of customers willing to spend money in travelling will decrease. This would hurt the profitability. But continuing the marketing strategy by focusing on improving customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction and asset management an economic growth is achievable. (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) 3. The Current Situation 4. 1 SWOT-Analysis Strengths One of Hertz Car Rental’s strength is the global operational structure. Because of the reason that Hertz has the control over two Car Rental Service companies ‘Dollar’ and ‘Thrifty’ – Hertz is the world’s largest car rental company. This global operational structure sets Hertz apart from its competitors, allows them to create new customer relationships and to increase market share. Moreover the company stands for a high level of customer relationship and their aim is to meet the needs of their customers. â€Å"As part of our innovation revolution, we are putting the power of Hertz in the hand of our customers 24/7†. Hertz Annual Report, 2011) The unique services which are provided to customers like the ‘Rent it here/Leave it there’ (to rent a car for one way travel), ‘Connect by Hertz’ (to rent a car for hours), ‘Rent2Buy’ (to rent a car you wish to purchase in the future) programs also help Hertz to differ from the competitors. Furthermore the innovation spirit and new technologies set Hertz apart from the competitors. The company introduced free mobile device widgets which allow users to make reservations, to find Hertz locations and receive promotions over the smart phone. The steady growth is another strength. After a steady decline from 2007 to 2009 from $ 8,685. 6 million to $ 7,101. 5 million as a result of the economic recession Hertz reported for the second quarter of 2012 worldwide revenues of $ 2. 2 billion, an increase of 7. 4 per cent and achieved several record results. (Hertz Reports Strong Revenue Gains, 2012) Weaknesses Although Hertz puts a lot emphasis on customer satisfaction, my researches on several experience report pages on the internet have shown that customers complain about not agreed fees after giving back the car. Furthermore they complain about that they had to pay money for damages on the car which they did not cause. Moreover the weaknesses of Hertz are also bound to its infrastructure as the worldwide service generates an unpleasant cost structure. Due to this fact Hertz do not enjoy a good reputation regarding employee payment. Opportunities As we all know the fuel prices are rising steadily. The new fuel price average for 2012 is $128 per barrel. (IATA Economics, 2012) Due to this fact Hertz got the idea to originate an environmentally friendly rental program- the ‘Green-Collection’. Thus Hertz is the only car rental company which offers electric cars on three continents. With this idea the company sets apart from competitors and it leads to lower costs in total and resultantly to a higher profit margin. Moreover the company should invest in the Airline Industry because a main part of their revenue stream is generated from the airport locations. After the recession there was an increase in consumer spending, especially in travelling. Therefore Hertz could take an advantage of this opportunity. Hertz could also take advantage of the used car market because they sell used vehicles to automotive dealership, when they are no longer eligible for manufacturers. Hertz was already successful with this idea and was able to sell 88 per cent of those cars through auctions. Threats The threats of Hertz are mostly characterized by the rivalry within the Car Rental Service Industry. The struggle for market share especially in the U. S. between Hertz, Avis Budget and Enterprise Rent-A-Car is enormously. This leads to the fact that companies lower their prices to win and retire customers but this could result in running themselves out of business and lose potential profits. Furthermore Hertz is dependent on fuel prices as it is explained in 1. Introduction increasing fuel prices could press the profit margin down. Another threat for Hertz is that they operate with vehicles from ‘Toyota’. In the last few years customers complained about manufacturing defaults resulting in safety risks. Also in the media ‘Toyota’ does not enjoy a good reputation regarding safety manufacturing. Hertz rents and sells those cars and if anything happens to the customer Hertz could be held liable. Due to this fact they would damage their image and lose profits. 4. 2 PESTLE-Analysis Political The United States is one of the biggest and most influential economics in the world. Nevertheless the debts of the U. S. increased dramatically over the last ten years up to 103 per cent of the gross domestic product today. (Trading Economics, 2012) Due to the fact that the U. S. is a democratic country and furnishes security political rebellions or even wars are unlikely. According to the result of the presidential election this year and the future fiscal politics new taxes are possible which could also have an impact on the Car Rental Industry. Economical The economical situation in the U. S. intensified over the last years as debts have risen steadily. After Japan (220% of GDP), Greece (143%), Italy (119%) the debt to GDP (gross domestic product) in the U. S. with 103% is also extremely high. (Trading Economics, 2012) (See appendix) The GDP growth rate in the U. S. has expanded 2. 2 per cent in the second quarter of 2012 and they expect a growth of 2. 7 per cent in 2013. (Trading Economics, 2012) This lies under the average GDP world growth rate of 3. 6 per cent in both years. The interest rate in the U. S. is 0. 5 in 2012 which is a consequence of the global economic crisis in 2009. (Trading Economics, 2012) As the following figure shows in year 2012 8. 16 per cent of the population is unemployed. This is the lowest value since 2009. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics despite the recovery in the labor market are still 13. 1 million unemployed Americans. (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012) However the situation on the market for permanently unemployed people is still unchanged. 5. 6 million people, i. e. two of five Americans are unemployed. Rate of unemployment in the U. S. (USA International Monetary Fund, 2012) Social The total U. S. population is constantly growing and came up to 314,211,739 million inhabitants in 2012. (United States Census Bureau, 2012) Furthermore the U. S. population is affected by the upward tendency of the Hispanic population and the aging population. In 2009 39. 6 million persons were 65 and older, representing 12. 9 per cent of the U. S. population. (Administration on Aging, 2011) This figure is estimated to grow up to 72. 1 million persons by 2030, representing 19 per cent of the U. S. opulation. (ibid. ) Technological As the activities of Hertz mainly consist in renting cars Hertz is dependent on the car and aircraft manufacturers for better and more efficient vehicles to reduce fuel prices. Hertz is the only car rental company which offers electric vehicles on three continents. Moreover the company introduced free mobile device widgets, which allow customers to make reservations, to find Hertz locations and receive prom otions over the smart phone. As a result the bookings from mobile devices grew 300 per cent to $ 32 million in 2011. Hertz Annual Report, 2011) Due to the fact that customer satisfaction is very important, Hertz invest over $20 million in their Customer Relationship Management System. (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) â€Å"Hertz has been investing in new technology over the last few years that is purposed to enhance every aspect of rental experience. † Thus the company launched the ‘Hertz Neverlost GPS System’ which is the perfect travel companion because it does not only bring you to all important European destinations but also shows you the places of interest. Legal * Public Liability and Property Damage Hertz has to face a numerous amount of legal suits filed against them from customers who lay claim to compensation for personal property due to damages during the operations of their vehicles. (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) * Telephone Consumer Protection Act Due to the fact that in Kansas and throughout the U. S. , there were sent facsimile messages of advertising materials relating to the availability of property, goods or services by HERC and who did not provide express permission for sending such faxes there was a class action and the plaintiffs seek an unspecified amount of compensatory damages, attorney’s fees and costs. Hertz Annual Report, 2011) * Concession Recovery Fee On October 13, 2006 Hertz Car Rental had to face a legal suit by Janet Sobel, Daniel Dugan and Lydia Lee who claimed about the fact that they were misleadingly charged airport recovery fees in addition to their total rental rate charges. The place where the consumers rent their vehicles was in Nevada, a s tate where it is unlawful to charge airport concession recovery fees. (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) * Patent Infringement On February 19, 2007 Hertz failed a legal suit against Enterprise Holdings, Inc. TSD Rental LLC and The Crawford Group, Inc. because of the fact that these companies were involved in unfair business practice so that a fair competition was impossible. The case was dismissed in June 2009 after Hertz received a non-monetary settlement from these companies. (Hertz Annual Report, 2009) Environmental As I already explained Hertz Car Rental has two very strong competitors- Avis Budget Group and Enterprise Holdings, Inc. . Avis Budget Group is a company which has the control over two subsidiary car rental companies: Avis and Budget. Whereas Avis is the leading car rental service company which offers luxurious vehicles, Budget offers less expensive products and services. One reason for their success is the high variety which consists of more than 350 000 vehicles. (Avis Budget Group, Inc. , 2012) As the following table shows Avis Budget group was able to reach a revenue of $4,110 million in the U. S. in 2011. Figure 1: U. S. Car Rental Market (N. a. , 2011) Enterprise Rent-A-Car is the largest car rental company in the United States and has the control over three subsidiary car rental service companies: Enterprise Rent-A-Car, National Rent-A-Car and Alamo Rent-A-Car. This company is focused on the market of consumers in need of a replacement vehicle resulting from theft, mechanical failure or an accident. (Enterprise Holdings, 2012) Enterprise Rent-A-Car was able to reach a revenue of $11,100 million in the U. S. in 2011. 4. 3 Differential Advantage- USP (Unique Selling Proposition) The differential advantage of Hertz lies in its customer service 24 hours 7 days. Its global operational structure set Hertz apart from its competitors. The technological processing, the innovation spirit and the unique services which are provided to customers make the company unique. That is why in year 1987 the slogan â€Å"You don’t just rent a car. You rent a company. † or the slogan â€Å"We’re Hertz. They’re not. † shows that this company is unique and different than the other Car Rental Services. Moreover Hertz is the number one airport car rental brand in the U. S. and at 119 major airports in Europe. (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) 4. Recommendations 5. 4 Segmentation, Targeting Positioning The three step STP model is used to strategically direct marketing strategy. (See appendix) The market must be segmented, then groups must be targeted and finally the products must be positioned. Segmentation Firstly the different groups in the market have to be identified and profiled by district characteristics regarding demographic, psychographic and behavioral differences. (Kotler and Keller, 2011) * Demographic People who want to rent a car from Hertz have to be 21 years old or older. They need a valid driver’s license for at least one year and a middle class income level. Furthermore they must have a good credit score. * Psychographic In case of Hertz they are concentrated on three consumer groups. The first group are the ‘Replacement Renters’. In case of an accident, theft or mechanical failure they need a replacement vehicle. The second group are the ‘Leisure Renters’. These are consumers that rent cars to make their journey more comfortable and independent. This customers rent vehicles for extended amounts of time. The third group are the ‘Business Renters’, who rent vehicles to travel to and from airport locations. For them it is more comfortable than to leave their personal car unattended at the airport. Moreover Hertz divide their offerings into six different categories. Do you want an environmentally friendly car? Choose the ‘Green Collection’. Do you want a car that is fun to drive? Choose the ‘Fun Collection’. Do you want a comfortable spacious car? Choose the ‘Family Collection’. Thus the offers are clearly arranged and the customers can immediately identify themselves with one of these collections. Targeting The target group of Hertz are customers between 35-50 years. Usually 70% of these customers are male and 30% female. The customers should have an annual income of $40,000 +. The target market should be up-to-date on latest technology and they should want to travel with services that provide comfort and convenience. Due to the fact that especially in America people prefer luxurious and gigantic cars the ‘Fun Collection’ is the most potential one for the company. Because of the reason that the media massively supports energy conservation, so that these actions will encourage more people in the future to live environmentally conscious, the ‘Green Collection’ is also a very potential one to bind this consumers emotionally to the company through signalising that Hertz is the only car rental company which offers electric cars. Moreover Hertz is the number one airport car rental brand in the U. S. . Due to the fact the ‘Business Renters’ who rent vehicles to travel to and from airport locations are very important for the company. Positioning The positioning depends on two dimensions: price and quality. As the competition on the car rental market is extremely high, car rental companies offer nearly the same prices. But the price of renting vehicles depends on for how long you will rent the car, whether you want an insurance coverage, the mileage during travel and whether you want special amenities. Of course the quality depends on the car the customer has chosen. As we all know a Toyota is not the same as a Ford Mustang. Depending on the car brand the quality and the price will change as you can see in the following perceptual map. Figure 2: Hertz Car Rental Perceptual Map (N. a. , 2010) 5. 5 Marketing Goals and Objectives The marketing goal is to increase consumer market share and sales by 20 per cent at the end of year 2012. The objectives to achieve that goal must be SMART (The University of Sunderland, 2008), i. e. S pecific M easurable A spirational R ealistic T ime-based The following objectives will be set: External objectives Increase customer market share and sales by 20 per cent Due to the fact that Hertz entire new line of vehicles like the electric cars which they offer in the ‘Green Collection’ promotional expenditures will need to increase by 15 per cent to reach the target market. Hertz expects a 20 per cent increase in market share and sales for their target group which consists of people between 35 and 50 years. * Increase customer satisfaction For Hertz the customer satisfaction is one of their most important aims. Nevertheless there are some customers who are displeased with Hertz Car Rental. Due to this fact Hertz want to increase customer satisfaction ratings by convincing their customers with new vehicle collections, special amenities and a unique service. Moreover existing customers must be satisfied because it is more expensive to acquire new customers than retaining existing ones. Therefore the service must be continuously and meet the customer’s needs. This aim can be reached by a better CRM. Internal objectives * Replace existing vehicles by electric cars Due to the fact that fuel costs are rising steadily it is a big chance for Hertz to invest in more efficient electric cars. But the procurement must negotiate best prices to make the replacement possible. 5. 6 The Marketing Mix 4. 3. 1 Product Hertz offers a large number of products. In addition to the car rental, the company has also specialized on equipment rental as you can see in the list below. Table 1: Hertz Business Profiles (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) 4. 3. 2 Price As mentioned in point 4. 1 (‘Positioning’) the price of renting vehicles depends on the brand the customer has chosen, the renting period, the mileage during travel, whether the customer has special amenities and the insurance coverage. . 3. 3 Place Hertz Car Rental Service is available in 8500 locations in 150 countries and on the internet. 4. 3. 4 Promotion In case of Hertz the campaign must be promoted in mass-market advertising formats like in television, on the homepage, personalized e-mails and advertising in travel-related magazines. But the best way of advertising is through recommendations of customers and opinion leaders. People trust these persons most, as the figure below shows. Figure 3: Whom do consumers trust for information? (Ottman, 2011) Due to the fact that there is a high competition on the car rental market the most important goal of Hertz is to increase customer satisfaction. Thus the best slogan Hertz has ever had was â€Å"We’re Hertz. They’re not. † because this slogan contains everything what Hertz represents. On the one hand this slogan represents the current situation on the market where one can find a high competition. On the other hand this slogan sets apart Hertz from its competitors by stressing the point that Hertz is better than the others with their high level of customer service, quality, innovation spirit and technological development. A proper opinion leader could be Sebastian Vettel. He is the youngest world champion in Formula 1. Thus he stands for fast, high-quality vehicles. Furthermore he has many fans and followers and is able to influence many people. Ideally the campaign starts in spring 2013 and ends in autumn 2014 because in summer people are in the mood for nice cars. Especially the ‘Fun Collection’ which offers luxurious, fast cars like a Ford Mustang will find the customers approval at this time. Moreover the summer time is very popular for travelling and people especially families rent car for this. Therefore this period is the right time to start the campaign. 5. 7 Implementation and Control The basic concept of customer satisfaction is already in progress. Hertz invested over $20 million in their Customer Relationship Management System. Moreover the aim to consider the environment by offering electric cars worked out. However the following tasks have to be completed before starting the advertising campaign: 1. Customer satisfaction survey 2. Sales analysis of the previous fiscal year to calculate the next year 3. Customer tracking software must be developed 4. The advertising media must be selected. The promotional budget will be calculated as follows: Customer satisfaction surveys| $ 500| Customer tracking software| $ 350,000| Analysing fees | $ 1,250,000| Upgrade costs| $ 20,000| | = $ 1,620,500 (per Hertz Car Rental location)| To observe the process of the marketing campaign control systems will be set up. This system can be divided into output control, which deals with the financial measurements and the non-financial behavioral control. Quarterly the process of the marketing campaign should be assessed and compared with the objectives. If the development differs from the objectives the management can take corrective actions. 5. Conclusion One problem Hertz has to face is the high amount of competitors but with its high level of customer service and its unique services, its innovation spirit and the technological development Hertz has managed to become the world’s largest car rental company and the number one airport car rental brand in the U. S. . Another problem is the rising fuel price but also for this problem Hertz has a solution because they are already offering electric cars and will expand their product range. Maybe in ten years we will get electric cars only. Hertz should concentrate on their aim to increase customer satisfaction. Even though Hertz always stresses the fact to put much emphasis on customer satisfaction, some customers are not satisfied. Hertz should concentrate on satisfying existing customers because it is much cheaper than to acquire new ones. To come to a conclusion one can say that although Hertz has to face problems and threats they have always a solution which leads the company to success. With its strong marketing strategy and their self-confidence they can compete with their competitors or even get ahead of them. Not for nothing their slogan was â€Å"We’re Hertz. They’re not. † 6. Appendix Figure 1: Top Debt to GDP (Trading Economics, 2012) Figure 2: GDP Growth Rate (Trading Economics, 2012) Figure 3: United States GDP (Trading Economics, 2012) Figure 4: United States Interest Rate (Trading Economics, 2012) Figure 5: The three step model (Hollensen, 2010) Figure 6: Hertz 2011 Highlights (Hertz Annual Report, 2011) 7. References Literature 1. Hollensen, S. (2003, reprinted 2010). Marketing Management: A Relationship Approach. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall International 2. Kotler, P. Keller, K. L. 2011) Marketing Management. 14th ed. Global Edition. Prentice Hall International 3. Ottman, J. A. (2011) The New Rules of Green Marketing: Strategies, Tools and inspiration for Sustainable Branding: United States and Canada, Berrett-Koehler Publishers 4. The University of Sunderland (2008) MKT 306: Marketing Strategy. Version 2. 0 Web * Administration on Aging (2011), Aging Statistics A vailable at: http://www. aoa. gov/aoaroot/aging_statistics/index. aspx (accessed 04. 09. 2012, 00:28) * Avis Budget Group, Inc. (2012), Company Information Available at: http://www. avisbudgetgroup. com/about/ accessed 26. 08. 2012, 16:48) * Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012), Employment Unemployment Available at: http://www. bls. gov/bls/newsrels. htm#OEUS (accessed 21. 08. 2012, 22:00) * Enterprise Holdings (2012), Enterprise Holdings- Alamo, Enterprise, National. Available at: http://www. enterpriseholdings. com/ (accessed 26. 08. 2012, 16:52) * Hertz Car Rental (2011), Annual Report Available at: http://phx. corporate-ir. net/phoenix. zhtml? c=205461p=irol-reportsannual (accessed 15. 08. 2012, 01:51) * Hertz Car Rental (2009), Annual Report Available at: http://phx. corporate-ir. et/phoenix. zhtml? c=205461p=irol-reportsannual (accessed 15. 08. 2012, 01:51) * IATA Economics (2012), Jet Fuel Price Monitor Available at: http://www. iata. org/whatwedo/economics/fuel_monitor/Pages/i ndex. aspx (accessed 15. 08. 2012, 01:00) * No author (2010), Hertz Car Rental Perceptual Map Available at: http://de. slideshare. net/raquelkink/hertz-marketing-plan (accessed 01. 09. 2012, 00:47) * No author (2012), Hertz Reports Strong Revenue Gains Available at: http://www. travelagentcentral. com/car-rental/hertz-reports-strong-revenue-gai ns-36461 (accessed 16. 08. 2012, 17:06) Trading Economics (2012), GDP Growth Rates Available at: http://www. tradingeconomics. com/gdp-growth-rates-list-by-country (accessed 20. 08. 2012, 21:00) * Trading Economics (2012), Government Debt To GDP Available at: http://www. tradingeconomics. com/government-debt-to-gdp-list-by-country (accessed 20. 08. 2012, 21:44) * Trading Economics (2012), Interest Rates Available at: http://www. tradingeconomics. com/interest-rates-list-by-country (accessed 20. 08. 2012, 21:46) * Trading Econimics (2012), United States GDP Available at: http://www. tradingeconomics. com/united-states/gdp (accessed 20. 8. 2012 , 20:47) * U. S. Car Rental Market (2011), WE TRY HARDER? PERHAPS NOT IN SOCIAL MEDIA Available at: http://dahlcache. com/2012/03/22/part-2-we-try-harder-perhaps-not-in-social-media/ (accessed 27. 08. 2012, 17:00) * United States Census Bureau (2012), U. S. World Population Clocks Available at: http://www. census. gov/main/www/popclock. html (accessed 22. 08. 2012, 14:34) * USA International Monetary Fund (2012) Available at: http://de. statista. com/statistik/daten/studie/17332/umfrage/arbeitslosenquote-in-den-usa/ (accessed 20. 08. 2012, 21:04) 8. Word count Total: 3295 words How to cite Marketing Management Assignment, Essay examples

Law of Corporations and Business Organizations

Question: Discuss about the Law of Corporations and Business Organizations. Answer: Introduction: According to Section 198A of the Corporate Act 2001, the directors of the company are responsible for managing affairs of the company or they give direction to others to work in certain pattern. However the constitution of the company may provide separate requirements which may be discussed in the annual general meeting of the company. There is no specific method of conducting any business given in the general meeting. The members decide which people are to be appointed as directors, how much money to be paid to them, voting criteria, approval which relate to party transactions, voting on the non binding report, amending the constitution, institute statutory derivative actions, accessing the agenda to be discussed by the shareholders in the meeting, accessing the registered number of shareholders, requesting the circulation of the statement to all members. There are provisions in constitutions of companies which allow directors to delegate their responsibilities to other people like managing directors, committees appointed by the board etc (Balotti and Finkelstein, 2008). Directors of the company can give any powers to the managing directors and they might differ from person to person. An agreement is constituted when a director is appointed. Since they are officers of the company, they are entrusted by the common law of the land with duty which is of fiduciary nature to work according to the companys benefit. In the modern day internal management, provisions of the companys composition are shown upon. Directors of non executive nature of big companies are unable to control business affairs every day with same efficacy. Similarly there is no law which forces upon them to deliver their expertise in such daily large scale business affairs. Sections 191 to Section 195 of the Corporation Act deal with conflict of interest. Directors having a material personal interest in a matter relating to the affairs of the company disclose the interest to the directors unless a s 191(2) exception applies. The directors should always mention their interest in the company affairs in the standing notice. The said notice should keep factual details like the level of interest and the type of interest and the date on which the interest arose which is linked to company affairs. The Corporations Act 2001 including a number of provisions which needs directors in disclosing material personal interest. Section 191 of the Corporation Act needs the director in disclosing any company affair related interest. Section 195 excluding the public company directors to vote on the matter which is related to material personal interests unless exception applies to section 195 (Davies, 2008). The directors difficulty is the material personal interest is not defined in the Corporation Act and in a few cases having considered the scope of the term. Section 191 (2)(a) (iii) has applied to interests relating to a contract where the company has proposed in entering into the subject to approval by the members and does not imposing any obligation on the firm and is held in common with other members of the company (Glazer, 2012). The fact that the directors have interest in the company business is important to operations of sections 191 and 195 of the Corporations Act, but not mentioned in the Act. The concept also receives attention from legal fraternity. When material interest is talked about it always refers to remuneration to the directors and vote related matters pertaining to the board of directors. An interest does not become personal when the director has a different duty like related to another firm who has interest with the present company unless something proves the interest of the director. The directors are under moral responsibility to avoid circumstances where duties clash which results into confusion. Conflicting duties are not controllable and directors should make suure that such possibilities are minimized. Corporation Act 2001 SECT 250R pertains to the business of Annual General Meeting. SECT 250R(2) of listed companys annual general meeting deals with passing of the resolution adopted on remuneration by putting it to vote. However it is imperative to inform members that such a resolution on remuneration will be placed in the meeting according to paragraph 249L(2) According to 250 R(3), the key management are not in compulsion to vote as this voting on resolution is only advisory type. However section 250R(4) of Corporation Act clearly indicates who should not cast a vote on such resolution as enumerated below. Somebody who work in the top tier of the company having income data to be entered in the report pertaining to it must not cast a vote and also somebody on behalf of Closely Related Party of the above members cannot cast a vote under any pretext. The directors of a company are members of the key management and as clearly stated in 250R(3) of the Corporation Act, they would have to abstain from participating in such voting process on the resolution in the interest of the company as well as putting forward any sort of recommendation on such resolution (Hill and McDonnell, 2009). A person may be chosen to vote on behalf of the original person to vote regarding resolution and mention on what basis he or she is qualified to do so. If the person is a proxy who is appointed by writing specifying how the proxy is to vote on Resolution 1 or the person is the Chairman of the Meeting and appointed as the proxy using the proxy form circulating with the Notice of Meeting(Strine,2010).. However the proxy voter will also be able to cast his vote by specifying how he will vote on Resolution and as authorized chairman of the company including the fact that the resolution is in link with the earnings in either ways of the top tier personnel of the company. As per subsection 6 of 250R of the Corporations Act, 2001, ASIC can declare in black and white that for this specified resolution, subsection 4 may not apply or this does not debar any person or on behalf of a key person to provide his opinion through casting his vote on the specific resolution. However, this undertaking can only be adopted if it felt that such decisions may cause injustice to any key personnel of the company. It should not be taken for granted that such a declaration is legal and legislative right and has to be decided upon in right spirit (Welch et al., 2015). In case a certain person cast his vote against the norms as declared in subsection 4, it is taken as contravention of the subsection and will be adequately dealt with as an offense. Even if such a vote is cast it will not be counted as a valid vote and will be considered as if the vote has not been cast. This also means such vote will not be counted while calculating on percentage of vote even though the resolution may or may not be passed. Thus to sum up the Section 250 R(2) and (3) it is important to identify whose vote are counted when somebody is voting on behalf of a person. These are (i) if he is identified as a proxy voter representing the actual voter (ii) if he is voting on somebodys behalf and (iii) if he possesses a share of the company for which he has (a) voting powers (b) he can exercise power or exercise control over his authority to vote (Wells, 2009). Conclusion The above three sections which have been discussed elaborately mainly caters to the functioning of companies under the proper decorum and clearly mention the dos and donts for the smooth operation of such corporate companies. If the Corporation Act adheres to properly, there will be no obstruction in the proper functioning without any legal hassles. The AGM of a company is very important as it is a forum to highlight the performance of the company to its shareholders and also taking important decisions and resolutions which has been taken care of by this Act. It is expected that this corporate act will provide suitable cover guarantee to the directors and the key persons to run this company in a efficient manner. References Balotti, R.F. and Finkelstein, J.A., (2008). Delaware Law of Corporations and Business Organizations: Statutory Deskbook 2009 (Vol. 4). Aspen Publishers Online. Davies, P.L., (2008). Gower Davies: the principles of modern company law. Sweet Maxwell. Glazer, D.W., (2012). Massachusetts Corporation Law and Practice. Aspen Publishers Online. Hill, C. and McDonnell, B., (2009). Executive Compensation and the Optimal Penumbra of Delaware Corporation Law. Va. L. Bus. Rev., 4, p.333. Strine, L.E., Hamermesh, L.A., Balotti, R.F. and Gorris, J.M., (2010). Loyalty's Core Demand: The Defining Role of Good Faith in Corporation Law. Georgetown Law Journal, 93, p.629. Welch, E.P., Saunders, R.S., Land, A.L., Voss, J.C. and Turezyn, A.J., (2015). Folk on the Delaware General Corporation Law: Fundamentals. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Wells, H., (2009). The Modernization of Corporation Law, 1920-1940.University of Pennsylvania Journal of Business Law,11.

International Journal Of Applied Mathematics And Statistics

Question: The finance department of a large corporation has evaluated a possible capital project using the NPV method, the Payback Method, and the IRR method. The analysts are puzzled, since the NPV indicated rejection, but the IRR and Payback methods both indicated acceptance. Explain why this conflicting situation might occur and what conclusions the analyst should accept, indicating the shortcomings and the advantages of each method. Assuming the data is correct, which method will most likely provide the most accurate decisions and why? Answer: Analysis When the project is an independent one it indicates that the decision to invest in a particular project is free of any other project, NPV,IRR and Payback will provide the same result which means there will be either rejection or acceptance. It is to be noted that when NPV, IRR and Payback is done for evaluation of mutually exclusive projects, which means the decision must be one project or another then such metrics do not match. The above case is similar in nature which means that the timing of cash flows has resulted in the difference. The project size is also an important consideration as it tends to influence the choice of method and the result. Hence, the best method must be selected which suits the organization. NPV, IRR and Payback - advantages and disadvantages Advantages NPV is a direct measure and hence the contribution of the stockholder can be matched with ease and flexibility. Hence, it can be said to be the best method which provides the basis for contribution. It is the most widely used method and the business rule functions mainly on this which is to accept all project or investments where NPV of cash flow is greater than zero (Berk et. al, 2015). The risk linked with future cash flow is known. In case of IRR the return is shown derived from the original money invested and is known to be a proper evaluation of return which is based on discounted cash flows hence accounts for the time value of money. Guidance is generated too which helps in tackling risks (Berk et. al, 2015). Payback provides a simple understanding and decision is done simply on the cut off date rules Disadvantages NPV does not provide the time frame how much time would be taken establish a positive NPV. Also it is seen that there is no capital rationing in this method. IRR There are many cons associated with IRR which are multiple or no returns at all. If the discount rate changes then it is impossible for comparing. The major shortfall which can be seen in this method is that the IRR cannot be added together which do not allow the projects to be evaluated on a combined basis (Moten thron, 2013). Payback The time value of money is altogether ignored. Moreover, the payback period rejects all cash flows which happen after the payback period reaches. It can be used when there is a clear cut off period otherwise utilizing this concept is very difficult. Decision Considering the advantages and disadvantages of all the methods above it can be said that the company must go with the Net Present Value as it provides a base for the time value of money. Since, NPV projected a rejection it must be noted and hence must be followed as large organization usually depends on NPV as it well suited with the future cash flows and the risk factor is also known with this method. Therefore, NPV must be taken into consideration and the decision of rejecting the project should be applied. References Berk, Johnathan; DeMarzo, Peter; Stangeland, David (2015). Corporate Finance (3rd Canadian Edition ed.). Toronto: Pearson Canada. Moten, J. and Thron, C.(2013) Improvements on Secant Method for Estimating Internal Rate of Return, International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 4(2), 22-48