Why the Bolsheviks Won the Civil War Essay - 926 Words

Why the Bolsheviks Won the Civil War The Russian Civil War raged from 1918 until the start of 1921. During this time the Bolsheviks faced massive opposition to their rule in the form of the White Armies, led by the former officers of the Tsarist state, and also from intervention by the forces of foreign countries. The Bolsheviks were surrounded, and often outnumbered by their opponents, and had no experienced military commanders. At times, their situation seemed hopeless. Yet, by the start of 1921, the Bolsheviks had defeated their enemies and gained a complete victory. The establishment of Communism in Russia went ahead unchallenged. During the Civil War the Bolsheviks had a number of key†¦show more content†¦No one person was in charge of the White forces, whereas the Bolsheviks had Lenin, the Whites had several rival people, such as Yudenich, Wrangel, Kolchak and Denikin vying for control. They were all ambitious men and each was determined to take control of Russia for himself. As a result, there was virtually no co-operation between the various White Armies. They had to move their forces and supplies over huge distances, making it difficult to maintain effective control. The lack of effective railways was an added complication to the existing communication difficulties between them. Whereas the Whites were disunited, the Bolsheviks maintained absolute unity through the Terror. It was this skilled leadership of the Red Army, paired with the divided leadership of the White Forces that was a key factor in the Bolsheviks winning the Civil War. A second reason why the Bolsheviks won the Civil War was geography. In 1918, the start of the Civil War, the Bolsheviks had the advantage of holding a central position – between Petrograd and Moscow (including their factories.) Most of Russia’s railways were in this area, making communication between various battlefronts much easier, Trotsky was able to move troops and supplies rapidly to areas under attack. 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